The Chemistry of Carbon Compounds

  Definitions and concepts for IGCSE chemistry: Acids bases and salts: 1. Acid : A chemical which can neutralize bases and will turn both litmus and methyl orange red. Acids will react with metals to produce salt and hydrogen and will react with carbonates to produce salt, water and carbon dioxide. Acids are proton donors. 2. Amphoteric : Able to act as an acid and a base. 3. Anion : A negatively charged ion formed when an atom gains at least one electron. 4. Base : A chemical which reacts with acids in neutralization reactions and will turn litmus blue and methyl orange yellow. Bases react with ammonium salts to produce salt, ammonia gas and water. Bases are proton acceptors. 5. Cation : A positively charged ion formed when an atom loses at least one electron. 6. Crystallization : A separation technique to soluble solids from solutions. The process involves heating the solution until crystals start to form, leaving the solution to cool and then filtering the formed crystals from ...

The experiments in Kitchen chemistry sets go beyond the ratio of ingredients, incorporating acid/ base reactions (like baking soda and vinegar), the effects of heat, states of matter, crystal formation, and other principles. One common experiment is making rock candy, which is simply a colored crystal formed from sugar molecules crystallizing out of a supersaturated sugar solution. This effect is achieved by dissolving sugar in warm water until the solution is saturated. (meaning no more sugar can dissolve) As the mixture cools, a single crystal causes a chain reaction that transforms the entire solution into solid crystal. What chemicals are used in the kitchen? Here are some chemicals in the kitchen used for cleaning.  1. Ammonia  2. Sodium hypo chloride  3. Chlorine  4. Carbon  5. Sulphuric acid  What is the ROLE of CHEMISTRY in the Kitchen?  The role of chemistry in the kitchen is highly significant. We can interpret almost all the activities of th...