The Chemistry of Carbon Compounds

Source: Internet Earth was born about 4.5 billion years ago. Various formative processes have been taking in the core of the earth and it's surroundings  since its creation today. These have resulted in the formation of various ores, liquids and gases.  Physical properties of metals: Metal exist mainly in solid state. The metals namely, Mercury and gallium exist in liquid state at room temperature. Metals posses luster. The metallic luster goes on decreasing due to exposure to atmospheric oxygen and moisture and also in presence of some reactive gases. We know that metals have the properties namely, ductility and malleability. Similarly, all metals are good conductors of heat and electricity. Generally, all metals are hard. However, the alkali metal from group 1 such as lithium, sodium and potassium are exceptions. These metals can be cut with knife as they are very soft. Metals have high melting and boiling points. For example, tungsten metal has the highest melting point (3...

Sodium nitrate belongs to the family of compounds called salts, which are formed by uniting an acid (nitric in this instance) with a base (in this case sodium hydroxide). When sodium nitrate is combined with hydrochloric acid, an exchange reaction occurs, producing sodium chloride and nitric acid. The salt and nitric acid can be separated from each other and the two substances can be put to practical used. The Reaction: In the symbols of chemical terminology, the reaction may be written as, NaNO3 + HCl ---> NaCl + HNO3 This says that one molecule of sodium nitrate reacts with one molecule of hydrochloric acid to produce one molecule of sodium chloride and one molecule of nitric acid. Sodium Chloride: one of the reaction products, sodium chloride, is readily available in nature, so this reaction is not a particularly useful source for that substance. Purified sodium chloride is ordinary table salt and in its impure state( halite) is used for a variety of purposes, including( among ma...

Q.What is Organic chemistry? Ans: Organic chemistry is the study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions, and preparation of carbon containing compounds, which including hydrocarbons but also compounds with any number of element, including hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, halogens, etc. About Carbon - In their outer shells, carbon atom have four electrons that can bond with other atoms. When carbon is bonded to to hydrogen, the carbon atom shares an electron with hydrogen and hydrogen likewise shares an electron with carbon. The compound containing carbon and hydrogen known as hydrocarbons. Tetravalency of carbon- The atomic number of carbon is 6 and its electronic configuration is 2,4 i.e it has 4 valence electrons. Thus carbon is always tetracovalent i.e it forms 4 covalent bonds with other atoms. Due to tetravalency of carbon it has a tetrahedron shape. Catenation - The self linking property of carbon is known as catenation. This is the main reason of existence of such larg...