The Chemistry of Carbon Compounds

Organic Nano chemistry:  Organic Nano chemistry is a branch of chemistry that studies organic reactions involving chemical synthesis of drugs, polymers and natural products which also includes the study of individual organic molecules in the laboratory. Nano materials: Nano materials are single unit sized , which can be described by the principle of 1 to100 nm of Nano scale or 1 to 10-9 meters. When scientists observed the different variations in materials he gave the Nano as a prefix to the Nano chemistry. Several chemical modifications on nanometer scale structure, approves effects of being size dependent. Nanoscale material: Nanoscale materials are also known as nanoscopic scale, which is lower bound to the mesoscopic scale for most solids. These usually refer to structures with a length scale applicable to nanotechnology, these materials where at least one relevant length scale, within the range of nanometers ranges from 1-100 nanometers.  These materials usual...

What is metal plating? The plating process is a manufacturing process in which a thin layer of metal coats a substrate. Metal plating provides many benefits to products made from metal and other materials. This mostly achieved through electroplating, which requires an electric current, or through electroless plating, which is in the autocatalytic chemical process.  Benefits of plating: Improved corrosion resistance Decorative appeal Increased solderability Enhanced hardness  Reduced friction Enhanced paint adhesion Altered conductivity Increased magnetism material deposition Types of metal plating: Copper plating Copper is a popular plating metal for applications that require high conductivity and cost-efficiency. Copper plating often serves as a strike coating pretreatment for subsequent metal platings. It is a popular plating metal for electronics components such as printed circuit boards. High plating efficiency and low material cost make copper one of the less expensive me...

Gold:  source: Internet Gold is a chemical element. The symbol of gold is Au and atomic number 79, making it one of the higher atomic number elements that occur naturally. In a pure form, it is a bright, slightly reddish yellow, dense, soft, malleable, and ductile metal. Chemically, gold is a transition metal and a group 11 element. It is one of the least reactive chemical elements and soil under standard conditions. Gold often occurs in free elemental form, as grains, in rocks, in veins. It occurs in a solid solution series with the native element silver, naturally alloyed with other metals like copper and palladium, and also mineral inclusions such as within pyrite. Less commonly, it occurs in minerals as gold compounds, often with tellurium(gold tellurides). Gold is resistant to most acids, though it does dissolve in aqua regia ( a mixture of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid), which forms a soluble tetrachloroaurate anion. Gold is insoluble in nitric acid, which dissolves s...